| Drug type | Tumour site (or types) for which there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in humans | Sites where cancer risk is reduced |
|---|---|---|
| Estrogen-only menopausal therapy | Endometrium, ovary Limited evidence: breast |
|
| Combined estrogen-progestogen menopausal therapy | Endometrium (risk decreases with number of days/month of progestogen use), breast | |
|
Combined estrogen-progestogen oral contraceptives |
Breast, cervix, liver |
Endometrium, ovary |
|
Tamoxifen |
Endometrium |
Breast |
- Should I be concerned to take hormone replacement therapy for menopause symptoms?
- May use of oral contraceptives increase my risk of cancer?
- Are there other drugs that may increase my risk of cancer?
- Are there any drugs, such as aspirin, that I can take to reduce my risk of cancer?
- What should I do if I want to take drugs, such as aspirin, to reduce my risk of cancer?